wait 还是 await

Wait  和 await 都是“等”意思。但两者有稍微的不同。一般上，我们多枚留意。

Wait  是 不及物动词( INTRANSITIVE  VERB)，可不需要宾语(OBJECT)在后。它可接于介词(PREPOSTION)

如

She is waiting for the bus

I am waiting to see him.

They  are waiting for your call.

Await是及物动词(TRANSITIVE VERB)须要宾语(OBJECT)在后。            

I am awaiting her reply.

The husband is awaiting the birth of his first baby.

We are awaiting the exciting game.

                                                                                                                    

副词(ADVERB)？还是形容词(ADJECTIVE)？

什么是副词(ADVERB)？什么是形容词(ADJECTIVE)？如果以副词的英文字来解读，它有着添加于动词的意思(Add to the verb = add to the verb)。有了这种概念，就容易多了！

形容词是用来形容东西，事物等。

例如：

His house is small.

I bought an expensive phone.

She lives in a big and beautiful house.

 副词是用来形容动作因为添加于动词的意思(Add to the verb = add to the verb)

He walks slowly.

他走的慢。（形容他的走路的动作慢., 可能他什么都快只是走路慢）

He is slow.   (他是慢的， 形容他的人)

She writes beautifully. （她写字漂亮，可能她人是不漂亮的。）

She is beautiful.  （她是美丽的，形容她的人）

形容词还是过去式的动词？

学英语者，惯性地看到英语动词(VERB)的尾端是ed，就立刻联想到是过去式的动词(PAST  TENSE)。

其实，有些英语的形容词是过去分词(PAST PARTICIPLE )演变成的。

譬如：

 He is a worried man.

 My boss is a disappointed man after the performance of his company has not met with his expectation.

上面的例子，不能代表说是过去式的动词(PAST TENSE)。因为句子中有了a 的分词（PARTICLE）也有is，怎可能是过去式的动词(PAST  TENSE)呢？

 

 

head, eye, shoulder,,等等 名词变动词

头(Head)，眼睛( eye)，肩膀(shoulder)， 手肘(elbow)，手(hand)， 手指(Finger)， 都是名词；但也可当作动词来运用。

I am heading to the destination.

Heading : 朝向目的

He headed the goal in the final.

Headed：顶入球

They will be eyeing for the championship next year.

Eyeing：瞄着

Who is going to shoulder the responsibility?

Shoulder：负责，承担。

He was elbowed and injured in that football match.

Elbowed：用肘撞

The coach will hand pick the best players for the next match.

Hand picked：亲手挑选

Peter is fingering his beard awaiting for his turn to be called.

Fingering 以手指触摸

 

Never had I seen her

I have never seen her before.  我从来没有看过她。

上述的句子，应怎样来强调呢？

在英语，你只要把副词（never）放在句子的前面通过倒置子句 (INVERSION CLAUSE )就起了强调作用了！

Never have I seen her before.   记得把have 也一起放在句子的前端。

看看以下的几个例子：

Henry seldom goes to school late.    一般性

Seldom does Henry go to school late.    强调性

She rarely enjoys eating seafood.   一般性

Rarely does she enjoy eating seafood.   强调性

My father hardly comes home earlier.   一般性

Hardly does my father come home earlier.   强调性

He never came here.     一般性

Never did he come here    强调性

 

须注意的动词的变化。

the bus had left 和 the bus left 不同点在那儿？

Past Perfect Tense （过去完成式）是怎样用来表达。

在过去的时间，你可能做了许多事情和动作，以优先顺序的排列来说，最后完成事情和动作

是用过去式(PAST TENSE)，在它之前的就用Past Perfect Tense （过去完成式）。

比如，你吃饭后，才去上班。吃饭在先，上班在后，以英语来表达就是I had taken my meal before I went to work.

When I reached there， the bus had left 和  When I reached there, the bus left.有什么不同？

第一段的句子，用了Past Perfect Tense （过去完成式）和过去式(PAST TENSE)来表达，when I reached there, the bus had left.其意味着你是迟到的；当你抵达时，巴士车已经离开了！

 When I reached there, the bus left. 这两段句子都用了过去式(PAST TENSE)来表达，其意思是当我抵达时，巴士车也在同时间离开。

I have waited 还是 I have been waiting ？？？

I have waited for 2 hours 和 I have been waiting for 2 hours 有什么不同？

She has lived here for about 10 year  和 She has been living here for about 10 years 又有什么不一样？
Have waited 和has lived 是英语的 现在完成式文法（Present Perfect Tense）

Has been waiting 和has been living 是英语文法中所谓的现在完成持续式（ Present Perfect Continuous Tense）

现在完成式文法（Present Perfect Tense）和 现在完成持续式（ Present Perfect Continuous Tense）有什么不同，为何不一样？

现在完成式文法（Present Perfect Tense）是表达当事人化了多少(how many)，多久(how  long) 和经历( experience )。

I have waited for 2 hours  (等了两个小时)  ----- -多久(how  long)

She has written four letters to the authority  (写了四封信)----- 多少(how many)

My  boss has gone to UK for seminar (去了英国)-------- 经历( experience )

现在完成持续式（ Present Perfect Continuous Tense）是用来表达当事人在讲述某事已经完成了某个阶段或某段时间，但还会继续来圆满它。

例子：

I have been waiting for 2 hours.  我已经等了两个小时。 （暗示：我还会继续等，等到他来！）

She has been living here for about 10 years.  她已经在这里住了约十年。（暗示：她还会继续住下去）
My father has been working as a teacher since 2000. 我父亲自2000年就当了教师。（暗示：我父亲还会继续当教师）